The Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Advancing Judicial Performance: An Analytical Study of the Judiciary and the Challenges of Digital Transformation

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the most significant technological transformations of the contemporary era, with its applications increasingly penetrating the field of justice. This raises critical questions about its capacity to enhance judicial performance amid structural and institutional challenges. This study explores the potential use of AI in supporting judicial decision-making by analyzing the current state of the judiciary and examining selected international experiences of integrating AI into judicial systems. The research focuses on the legislative, technical, and ethical challenges hindering this transition. Its significance lies in addressing a vital issue that intersects with principles of justice and guarantees of fair trial, offering a critical perspective on AI’s ability to improve the efficiency and speed of judicial procedures. Adopting a comparative analytical methodology, the study identifies key obstacles and proposes feasible, pragmatic solutions. The core research problem centers on the legal and technical implications of employing AI in the judiciary, particularly regarding output accuracy, judicial independence, and data privacy. The study concludes that AI cannot replace human judges due to the inherently discretionary and human aspects of adjudication, but it can serve as an effective tool for enhancing administrative performance and informing judicial decisions. It recommends establishing a legal framework regulating AI use to safeguard judicial independence, strengthening technical training for judicial staff, and improving digital infrastructure alongside periodic oversight mechanisms.